需求：修改指定目录下所有文件的页眉页脚，或者往里面添加内容。

1. 这里做了word的实现和excel的实现，如下：

需要先安装 pip3 install pywin32，另外页眉页脚格式设置可以参考：

word：

浅谈Word.Application，关于js操作word文档的使用_new word.application-程序员宅基地

excel：

Python操作Excel教程（图文教程，超详细）Python xlwings模块详解，_xlwings教程-程序员宅基地

import os
import xlwings as xw
import win32com.client as win32
import pythoncom

#将需要替换页眉页脚的文档放到path下
path = r'C:\Users\d\Desktop\pdf改名脚本\22\2022年\test'
#原始页眉页脚内容
old_name = u'999'
#新页眉页脚内容
new_name = u'888'
#替换失败记录日志
err_log = path + u'\\head修改出错列表.txt'
def log(text):
    with open( err_log,"a+" ) as f:
        f.write(text)
        f.write('\n')

def change_headerfooter(path):
    ''' 更改文件的页眉页脚 '''
    pythoncom.CoInitialize()
    word = win32.Dispatch('Word.Application')
    #print(dir(word))
    word.Visible = 0
    word.DisplayAlerts = 0

    exapp = xw.App(visible=False, add_book=False)

    # excel = win32.Dispatch('Excel.Application')
    # excel.Visible = 0
    # excel.DisplayAlerts = 0
    for parent, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(path):
        for fn in filenames:
            filedir = os.path.join(parent, fn)
            #获取需替换目录下的docx结尾的文档名称
            if fn.endswith('.docx') or fn.endswith('.doc'):
                print(filedir)
                try:
                    doc = word.Documents.Open( filedir )
                    a = word.ActiveDocument.Sections
                    n = 0
                    for i in range( len(a) ):
                    	#获取当前页眉
                        head = word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Headers[0]
                        old_head = str(head)
                        #获取当前页脚
                        foot = word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Footers[0]
                        old_foot = str(foot)
                        #print( old_head )
                        #if old_name in old_head:
                        if 1:
                        	#old_name存在页眉中时，进行进行替换
                            #用于替换页眉
                            #new_head = old_head.replace( old_name, new_name )
                            #用于补充页眉
                            #new_head = old_head + new_name
                            #print( new_head )
                            word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Headers[0].Range.Find.ClearFormatting()
                            word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Headers[0].Range.Find.Replacement.ClearFormatting()
                            #页眉重置
                            word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Headers[0].Range.Delete()
                            #设置字体大小
                            word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Headers[0].Range.Font.Size=20
                            #设置对齐方式，0-左；1-中；2-右
                            word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Headers[0].Range.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = 0

                            word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Headers[0].Range.InsertAfter(new_name)
                            #替换旧页眉
                            #word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Headers[0].Range.Find.Execute( old_head, False, False, False, False, False, False, 1, False, new_name, 2 )

                        #if old_name in old_foot:
                        if 1:
                        	##old_name存在页脚中时，进行进行替换
                            #new_foot = old_foot.replace( old_name, new_name )
                            #new_foot = old_foot + new_name
                            word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Footers[0].Range.Find.ClearFormatting()
                            word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Footers[0].Range.Find.Replacement.ClearFormatting()
                            #页脚重置
                            word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Footers[0].Range.Delete()
                            word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Footers[0].Range.InsertAfter(new_name)
                            #替换旧页脚
                            #word.ActiveDocument.Sections[i].Footers[0].Range.Find.Execute( old_foot, False, False, False, False, False, False, 1, False, new_name, 2 )
                        n = n+1
                    doc.Close()
                except Exception as e:
                    print(e)
                    log(str(filedir))

            if fn.endswith('.xlsx') or fn.endswith('.xls'):
                print(filedir)
                try:
                    ex = exapp.books.open(filedir)
                    #print(dir(ex.sheets))
                    sheet = ex.sheets
                    print(sheet[0].name)
                    if 'test' == sheet[0].name:
                            print(sheet.name)
                    else:
                            #如果第一个sheet不是test则加一个test的sheet
                            sheet.add('test',before=sheet[0].name)

                    ex.save()
                    ex.close()

                except Exception as e:
                    log(str(filedir))
    word.Quit()
    exapp.quit()

change_headerfooter(path)

补充一下：excel没有用pywin32去读写因为莫名其妙就是卡进程，无法对excel读写，可能和缓存的excel有关，如要编辑3.xlsx，则会卡一个~3.xlsx的进程无法结束。就换成了xlwings去读写。